Universal Periodic Review (UPR)Pakistan’s human rights situation 4th cycle: Progress & Challenges
The Universal Periodic Review (UPR) report on Pakistan’s human rights situation during the 4th cycle was presented on January 30, 2023, at the 42nd session of the United Nations UPR. The report outlined progress made amid challenges in improving human rights in Pakistan. Recommendations from various sources were incorporated, presenting a wide range of reforms. While progress was evident in areas like women’s and children’s rights, the economic and political situation demanded further reforms, especially given the impact of COVID-19 and climate-related crises.
The Geneva International Center for Justice (GICJ) urged Pakistan to strengthen human rights conditions, progressively abolish the death penalty, and guarantee constitutional rights. The GICJ recommended comprehensive legislation to uphold marginalized groups’ rights and encouraged Pakistan to address challenges in minority rights, women’s rights, and vulnerable groups’ well-being.
Background
The UPR process evaluates nations’ progress in adhering to international law obligations. Pakistan’s 4th cycle review took place in January 2023. The UPR Working Group assesses each nation’s human rights record, proposes improvements, and evaluates compliance with international standards.
Pakistan’s Submission
Pakistan’s report for the 4th cycle incorporated feedback from international and national sources. A consultative process involving stakeholders, civil society, and academia contributed to the report’s drafting. Progress in human rights institutions, complaint mechanisms, and women’s empowerment was highlighted.
Debate and Concerns
During the interactive dialogue, member states raised concerns about outstanding human rights treaties’ ratification. Issues like women’s and minorities’ rights were discussed. Member states recommended Pakistan ratify various international conventions and protocols. Concerns about women’s rights, discrimination against minorities, and children’s rights were voiced. Attention was also drawn to climate change’s impact on vulnerable communities.
Recommendations
Member states recommended that Pakistan ratify outstanding human rights treaties and adopt comprehensive policies to ensure the rights of minorities, women, and vulnerable groups. Calls were made to strengthen education, healthcare, and poverty elimination efforts.
Position of GICJ
The GICJ recognized Pakistan’s progress and challenges, particularly amid climate disasters. The organization applauded advancements in women’s rights, healthcare, and poverty reduction. GICJ urged Pakistan to ratify treaties, promote development, abolish the death penalty, and ensure just access to education, healthcare, and justice. International support for post-disaster redevelopment was encouraged.
In summary, the UPR report discussed Pakistan’s human rights progress and challenges during the 4th cycle. While there were positive developments, continued efforts and reforms were needed to address issues like minority rights, women’s rights, and vulnerable groups’ well-being. Ratifying international treaties, promoting development, and enhancing education and healthcare were key recommendations.